Ausgabe 1.2026 | Zeitschrift für Infektionstherapie

Rubrik: Aktuelle Epidemiologie und Diagnostik in der Mikrobiologie

Die Gefahr lauert im Swimmingpool (S. 2)

1.    Bild.de (02.04.2025). https://www.bild.de/news/ausland/kind-nach-planschen-im-pool-tot-es-starb-an-hirnfressender-amoebe-67e94a257ccb4912b1bff6c1

2.    Bild.de (08.06.2025). https://www.bild.de/leben-wissen/medizin/nach-nasenspuelung-frau-stirbt-an-hirnfresser-amoebe-6845b3baeaf9b317dbcfd362

3.    Bild.de (21.06.2025) https://www.bild.de/news/ausland/nach-schwimmbad-besuch-junge-11-stirbt-durch-hirnfressende-amoebe-6853c3989725c2004ffbfeb2

4.    Obituaries: Malcolm Charles Fowler M.D. (Adel.), F.R.C.P.A., F.R.A.C.P. Pathology 1975; 7 (2): 166-168. doi: 10.3109/00313027509092714.

5.    Fowler M, Carter RF. Acute pyogenic meningitis probably due to Acanthamoeba sp.: a preliminary report. Br Med J. 1965; 2 (5464): 740-742. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5464.734-a.

6.    Gharpure R, Bliton J, Goodman A, Ali IKM, Yoder J, Cope JR. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri: a global review. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73 (1): e19-e27. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa520.

7.    Gharpure R, Gleason M, Salah Z, Blackstock AJ, Hess-Homeier D, Yoder JS, Ali IKM, Collier SA, Cope JR. Geographic range of recreational water-associated primary amebic meningoencephalitis, United States, 1978-2018. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27 (1): 271-274. doi: 10.3201/eid2701.202119.

8.    Bourli P, Eslahi AV, Tzoraki O, Karanis P. Waterborne transmission of protozoan parasites: a review of worldwide outbreaks - an update 2017-2022. J Water Health 2023; 21 (10): 1421-1447. doi: 10.2166/wh.2023.094.

9.    Ghosh R, León-Ruiz M, Dubey S, Benito-León J. Naegleria fowleri in Kerala, India: prevention over panic. Lancet 2025; 406 (10514): 1945. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01971-3.

10.    Reuters (Stand: 09/2025). https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/surge-deadly-brain-eating-amoeba-cases-causes-alarm-indias-kerala-state-2025-09-18/

11.    World Health Organization (WHO). Naegleria fowleri: background document for the WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality (Stand: 2025). doi: 10.2471/B09269. https://iris.who.int/items/94a62a11-7bbc-4cad-8771-113c1c162968

12.    Delumeau A, Allouch N, Quétel I, Nerrière V, Marcelino I. The fascinating world of free-living amoebae, these remarkably versatile protists. Med Sci (Paris). 2025; 41 (10): 743-752. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2025140.

13.    Lau HY, Ashbolt NJ. The role of biofilms and protozoa in Legionella pathogenesis: implications for drinking water. J Appl Microbiol 2009; 107 (2): 368-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04208.x.

14.    Thomas V, McDonnell G, Denyer SP, Maillard JY. Free-living amoebae and their intracellular pathogenic microorganisms: risks for water quality. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2010; 34 (3): 231-259. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00190.x.

15.    Scheid P. Viruses in close associations with free-living amoebae. Parasitol Res 2015; 114 (11): 3959-9367. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4731-5.

16.    Robert Koch Institut. Amöbenenzephalitis (Stand: 12/2023). https://www.rki.de/DE/Aktuelles/Publikationen/RKI-Ratgeber/Ratgeber/Ratgeber_Amoebenenzephalitis.html

17.    Robert Koch Institut. Amöbenenkeratitis (Stand: 07/2025). https://www.rki.de/DE/Aktuelles/Publikationen/RKI-Ratgeber/Ratgeber/Ratgeber_Amoebenkeratitis.html

18.    Siddiqui R, Khan NA. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri: an old enemy presenting new challenges. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8 (8): e3017. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003017.

19.    Borkens Y. The pathology of the brain eating amoeba Naegleria fowleri. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64 (3): 1384-1394. doi: 10.1007/s12088-024-01218-5.

20.    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Naegleria fowlerie infections (Stand: 07/2025). https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/about/index.html

21.    Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Clinical care of Naegleria fowleri infection (Stand: 11/2025). https://www.cdc.gov/naegleria/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

22.    Visvesvara GS, Moura H, Schuster FL. Pathogenic and opportunistic free-living amoebae: Acanthamoeba spp., Balamuthia mandrillaris, Naegleria fowleri, and Sappinia diploidea. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 2007; 50 (1): 1-26. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2007.00232.x.

23.    Siddiqui R, Rizvi ZS, Maciver SK, Khan NA. Balamuthia mandrillaris - a brief overview of the parasite causing encephalitis. Microb Pathog 2025; 210: 108195. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2025.108195.

24.    Deutsches Institut für Normung. DIN EN ISO 14729:2011-01: Augenoptik - Kontaktlinsenpflegemittel - Mikrobiologische Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren für Produkte und Systeme zum Hygienemanagement von Kontaktlinsen (ISO 14729:2001 + Amd.1:2010); Deutsche Fassung EN ISO 14729:2001 + A1:2010. Stand: 01/2011.

25.    Khurana S, Kanaujia R, Sharma M, Sharma C, Gupta A. Acanthamoeba keratitis beyond "wear" and "tear:" There is more than what meets the eye! Trop Parasitol 2025; 15 (2): 104-109. doi: 10.4103/tp.tp_4_25.

26.    Blaser F, Grimm F, Baenninger PB, Gatzioufas Z, Thiel MA, Menghini M, Frueh BE, Muehlethaler K, Alder M, Hashemi K, Brouillet R, Massa H, Finger ML, Tappeiner C, Papazoglou A, Freiberg FJ, Greub G, Barthelmes D, Zweifel SA, Said S. Incidence of Acanthamoeba keratitis in Switzerland. Microorganisms 2025; 13 (9): 2032. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13092032.

27.    Daas L, Szentmáry N, Eppig T, Langenbucher A, Hasenfus A, Roth M, Saeger M, Nölle B, Lippmann B, Böhringer D, Reinhard T, Kelbsch C, Messmer E, Pleyer U, Roters S, Zhivov A, Engelmann K, Schrecker J, Zumhagen L, Thieme H, Darawsha R, Meyer-Ter-Vehn T, Dick B, Görsch I, Hermel M, Kohlhaas M, Seitz B. The German Acanthamoeba keratitis register: Initial results of a multicenter study. Ophthalmologe 2015; 112 (9): 752-763. doi: 10.1007/s00347-014-3225-7.

28.    Atamna A, Franken L, Grossman T, Rozenblatt S, Tobar A, Fichman-Horn S, Zvi HB, Auriel E, Bishara J. Acanthamoeba healyi (genotype T12) meningoencephalitis in an adult - first case in Israel. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2025; 113 (3): 116988. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116988.

29.    Pramanik S, Dasgupta S, Samui S, Chandra A, Kattady FJ, Makhal M. Acute meningoencephalitis with subdural empyema associated with Acanthamoeba in an immunocompetent individual. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2025; 55 (3): 184-187. doi: 10.1177/14782715251342120.

30.    Mätz-Rensing K, Kunze M, Zöller M, Roos C, Kiderlen AF, Ludwig C, Kaup FJ. Fatal Balamuthia mandrillaris infection in a gorilla - first case of balamuthiasis in Germany. J Med Primatol 2011; 40 (6): 437-440. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2011.00479.x.

31.    Balczun C, Scheid PL. Detection of Balamuthia mandrillaris DNA in the storage case of contact lenses in Germany. Parasitol Res 2016; 115 (5): 2111-2114. doi: 10.1007/s00436-016-4979-4.

32.    Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin (BNITM). https://www.bnitm.de/labordiagnostik/service/nationales-referenzzentrum

 
 

 

Bitte geben Sie die Zeichenfolge in das nachfolgende Textfeld ein

Die mit einem * markierten Felder sind Pflichtfelder.